Study of factors that affect nanofluids stability using a fractional factorial design
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33131/24222208.288Keywords:
nanofluids, stability, thermal conductivity, fractional factorial experimental design, nanofluids, stability, thermal conductivity, fractional factorial experimental designAbstract
Worldwide searches for alternatives in order to increase energy efficiency in industrial processes has been steadily growing, mainly due to the decrease in non-renewable energy reverses and concerns for the reduction of greenhouse gases. Most processes at industrial level, produce or involve energy absorption as heat, these processes may have greater energy efficiency, from replacing their conventional thermal fluids (water, ethylene glycol, engine oil) by nanofluids. Nanofluids are colloidal suspensions obtained by dispersing nanoparticles (particle size <100 nm) of different materials, one of its main applications is in heat transfer and are used in order to increase the thermal conductivity of conventional fluids used in these processes. However, despite numerous studies in the literature showing increases in thermal conductivity and heat transfer in the various thermal systems at laboratory scale, instability nanofluids caused by agglomeration and sedimentation of nanoparticles remains a research challenge. Among the factors affecting the stability of nanofluids are dispersion method, nanoparticle concentration, pH, type of nanoparticle and chemical additives. In this study, nanofluids of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were prepared and a fractional factorial design 26-2, resolution IV, was implemented, in order to evaluate the effect of different parameters on the stability of nanofluids. Stability was evaluated as the change in thermal conductivity with time. In the statistical study performed, factors with a significant effect on the stability of nanofluid were: ultrasonic time and surfactant concentration, as well as the interactions nanoparticle type/surfactant type and nanoparticle type/surfactant concentration.
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